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1 / 50
A. Perception distance.
B. Brake lag distance.
C. Reaction distance.
With air brakes there is an added delay or Brake Lag. This is the time required for the brakes to work after the brake pedal is pushed. With hydraulic brake, the brakes work instantly. With air brakes it takes a little time, one half second or more, for the air to flow through the lines to the brakes.
2 / 50
A. 125
B. 100
C. 150
The governor controls when the air compressor will pump air into the air storage tanks. When air tank pressure rises to the "cut-out" level around 125 psi, the governor stops the compressor from pumping air. When the tank pressure falls to the "cut-in" pressure around 100 psi, the governor allows the compressor to start pumping again.
3 / 50
A. a yellow lamp on the left side.
B. a white lamp on the right side.
C. a white lamp on the left side.
Converter dollies built on or after March 1, 1998, are required to have antilock brakes. These dollies will have a yellow lamp on the left side of the dolly.
4 / 50
A. Pump the brake pedal rapidly and lightly.
B. Brake hard until the wheels lock, and then get off the brakes for as much time as the wheels were locked.
C. Brake as hard as you can, get off the brakes when the wheels lock, get back on the brakes when the wheels start rolling again.
Stab braking means that you: apply your brakes all the way, and release brakes when wheels lock up. As soon as the wheels start rolling, apply the brakes fully again.
5 / 50
A. can turn sharply.
B. lock the wheels for short periods of time.
C. brake in a straight line.
You apply the brakes as hard as you can without locking the wheels. Keep steering wheel movements very small while doing this. If you need to make a larger steering adjustment or if the wheels lock, release the brakes. Re-apply the brakes as soon as you can.
6 / 50
A. have the problem fixed after your trip is over.
B. the air pressure may drop too low during driving.
C. the alcohol evaporator may be low.
If air pressure does not build up fast enough, your pressure may drop too low during driving, requiring an emergency stop. Don't drive until you get the problem fixed.
7 / 50
A. all of the above.
B. not going to take full effect until your psi drops to a certain range, typically 20 to 30 psi.
C. brakes that come on automatically on a truck or tractor when the psi drops too low.
D. made up of powerful springs that are held back by air pressure while you are driving.
Spring brakes are an important backup system: powerful springs that automatically apply the brakes if they sense that air pressure has been lost for some reason, such as a leak. They will also apply the brakes if the psi gets too low, although ideally, you should take control of your brakes before that happens.
8 / 50
A. 40 psi
B. 20 psi
C. 60 psi
Low air warning devices (buzzer, light, flag) should activate before air pressure drops below 60 psi or level specified by the manufacturer.
9 / 50
A. ABS is still optional.
B. Check if the vehicle was manufactured after 2010.
C. Check if the vehicle was manufactured after 1998.
D. Check if the vehicle was manufactured after 2000.
The Department of Transportation requires that ABS be on: air brake vehicles built on or after March 1, 1998.
10 / 50
A. Is not affected by the condition of the service brakes.
B. Depends on the adjustment of the service brakes.
C. Increases when the service brakes are hot.
The braking power of spring brakes depends on the brakes being in adjustment. If the brakes are not adjusted properly, neither the regular brakes nor the emergency/parking brakes will work right.
11 / 50
A. your left side brake will cease to operate.
B. you will drive too quickly.
C. your transmission fluid may drain out.
D. your brakes may fail because of water freezing.
Compressed air usually has some water and some compressor oil in it, which is bad for the air brake system. For example, the water can freeze in cold weather and cause brake failure.
12 / 50
A. the brake feels spongy when you apply pressure.
B. you release the brake pedal and your speed increases.
C. you have to press the brake pedal harder than usual to control your speed.
As the overheated drums expand, the brake shoes and linings have to move farther to contact the drums, and the force of this contact is reduced. So, you will be pressing harder on the pedal.
13 / 50
A. To release the brakes.
B. To apply the brakes.
C. To test the slack adjusters.
When you push the brake pedal, air is let into each brake chamber. Air pressure pushes the rod out, moving the slack adjuster, thus twisting the brake camshaft. This turns the s-cam forcing the brake shoes away from one another and presses them against the inside of the brake drum.
14 / 50
A. Only when driving downhill
B. Never
C. Only on a slippery road
Never push the brake pedal down when the spring brakes are on. If you do, the brakes could be damaged by the combined forces of the springs and the air pressure.
15 / 50
A. It makes the brake shoes move in an S-shaped path.
B. It is shaped like the letter "S."
C. It is constantly spinning whenever the wheel is spinning.
The S-cam is S-shaped. The s-cam forces the brake shoes away from one another and presses them against the inside of the brake drum.
16 / 50
A. Up shift.
B. Stop and safely park as soon as possible.
C. Adjust the brake pedal for more travel.
When the low air pressure warning light and buzzer first come on, bring the vehicle to a safe stop right away, while you can still control the brakes.
17 / 50
A. increased contact between the brake drums and the brake linings.
B. improper adjustment of the S-cams.
C. expansion of the brake drums.
Brake fade results from excessive heat causing chemical changes in the brake lining, which reduce friction, and also causing expansion of the brake drums.
18 / 50
A. 60
B. 20
C. 45
When the engine is at operating rpms, the pressure should build from 85 to 100 psi within 45 seconds in dual air systems. If the vehicle has larger than minimum air tanks, the buildup time can be longer and still be safe.
19 / 50
A. A spring-loaded valve that will let you put on the brakes on slowly if the service brakes fail.
B. There is no such thing.
C. Should not be used because it is very unsafe.
In some vehicles, a control handle on the dash board may be used to apply the spring brakes gradually. This is called a modulating valve. It is spring loaded, so you have a feel for the braking action. The more you move the control lever, the harder the spring brakes come on. They work this way, so you can control the spring brakes if the service brakes fail.
20 / 50
A. Not relying enough on engine braking
B. Excessive use of the service brakes
C. All of the above
D. Brakes being out of adjustment
Brakes can fade or fail from excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect. Brake fade is also affected by adjustment.
21 / 50
A. The brakes could lock up.
B. The brakes could heat up.
C. The brakes could fail.
Compressed air usually has some water and some compressor oil in it, which is bad for the air brake system. For example, the water can freeze in cold weather and cause brake failure.
22 / 50
A. Disconnecting the steering axle brakes will help keep your vehicle in a straight-line during emergency braking.
B. Never do it without downshifting first.
C. Don't lock the wheels for longer than an instant.
Emergency braking does not mean pushing down on the brake pedal as hard as you can. That will only keep the wheels locked up and cause a skid. If the wheels are skidding, you cannot control the vehicle.
23 / 50
A. When you slow down, you should monitor your tractor and trailer and ease off the brakes to keep control.
B. You should use only the braking necessary to stay safely in control.
C. You should drive faster so that you will be able to keep the trailer and tractor straight.
D. Brake the same way no matter what you're driving: a vehicle with ABS, a vehicle with a trailer, or something else.
When you drive a vehicle with ABS, you should brake as you always have. In other words: use only the braking force necessary to stop safely and stay in control; brake the same way regardless of whether you have ABS on the bus, tractor, the trailer, or both; as you slow down monitor your tractor and trailer and back off the brakes if it is safe to do so to stay in control.
24 / 50
A. a loss of brake air pressure.
B. no change in brake air pressure.
C. a buildup of brake air pressure.
Each time you release the brakes, some compressed air leaves the system and must be replenished by the air compressor. If you keep pressing and releasing the brake pedal, air may leave the system faster than the air compressor can replenish it, and the air pressure may drop to the point that the brakes won't work.
25 / 50
A. Emergency brakes.
B. Foot brakes.
C. S-cam brakes.
Air brakes are really three different braking systems: service brake, parking brake, and emergency brake.
26 / 50
A. hydraulic fluid
B. natural gas
C. compressed air
Air brakes use compressed air to make the brakes work. Air brakes are a good and safe way of stopping large and heavy vehicles, but the brakes must be well maintained and used properly.
27 / 50
A. If you will be conducting your pre-trip inspection
B. Never
C. If you will only be away from the truck for a few minutes
Never leave your vehicle unattended without applying the parking brakes or chocking the wheels. Your vehicle might roll away and cause injury and damage.
28 / 50
A. Reduce the risk of ice in air brake valves in cold weather.
B. Rid the wet tank of alcohol that condenses and sits at the bottom.
C. Eliminate the need for daily tank draining.
Some air brake systems have an alcohol evaporator to put alcohol into the air system. This helps to reduce the risk of ice in air brake valves and other parts during cold weather. Daily air tank drainage is still needed to get rid of water and oil.
29 / 50
A. turn off the engine, release the parking brake, and let the system settle.
B. charge the air system and leave the engine running.
C. leave the engine running and release the parking brake.
With a fully-charged air system (typically 125 psi), turn off the engine, release the parking brake (push in); and time the air pressure drop.
30 / 50
A. parts of the service brakes and parking brakes
B. only the service brakes
C. only the parking brakes
The emergency brake system uses parts of the service and parking brake systems to stop the vehicle in a brake system failure.
31 / 50
A. On single vehicles, continue to step on and off the brake pedal until the parking brake valve pops out.
B. Continue to step on and off the brake pedal until the manufacturer's low psi specification is met for spring brakes to deploy.
C. All of the above are correct.
D. On tractor-trailer vehicles, continue to step on and off the brake pedal until the parking brake valve pops out.
On both tractor-trailers and single vehicles, to test whether the spring brakes will come on automatically, use the same method you use for testing the low air pressure warning signal: Step on and off the brake pedal, this time until you reach an even lower psi reading and the parking brake valve closes or pops out.
32 / 50
A. the brakes to fade.
B. the brake linings to split.
C. the modulating control valve to wear out.
Brakes can fade or fail from excessive heat caused by using them too much and not relying on the engine braking effect.
33 / 50
A. compressed air enters the brake chambers.
B. compressed air is released from the air tanks.
C. compressed air is released from the brake chambers.
When you push the brake pedal, air is let into each brake chamber.
34 / 50
A. A supply pressure gauge.
B. At least two brake heaters.
C. An air use gauge.
All vehicles with air brakes have a pressure gauge connected to the air tank. If the vehicle has a dual air brake system, there will be a gauge for each half of the system.
35 / 50
A. Wedge drum
B. Disc brakes
C. S-cam brake
Wedge brakes and disc brakes are less common than s-cam brakes.
36 / 50
A. Do all of the above.
B. Remove the keys.
C. Set the parking brakes.
D. Chock the wheels.
Never leave your vehicle unattended without applying the parking brakes or chocking the wheels. Your vehicle might roll away and cause injury and damage
37 / 50
A. Parking brake system.
B. Emergency brake system.
C. Service brake system.
The service brake system applies and releases the brakes when you use the brake pedal during normal driving.
38 / 50
A. Stay in a straight line and can steer.
B. Use the full power of the brakes and lock them.
C. Can steer hard while braking hard.
You should brake in a way that will keep your vehicle in a straight line and allow you to turn if it becomes necessary. You can use the "controlled braking" method or the "stab braking" method.
39 / 50
A. Begin braking when you are 10 mph above your safe speed.
B. Release the brake when you are 5 mph below your "safe" speed.
C. Use stab braking.
Snub braking method is used for steep downhill grades, in this method apply the brakes just hard enough to feel a definite slowdown. When your speed has been reduced to approximately five mph below your "safe" speed, release the brakes. When your speed has increased to your "safe" speed, repeat.
40 / 50
A. decreases your normal braking capability.
B. shortens your stopping distance.
C. increases your normal braking capability.
D. activates when your wheels are about to lock up.
ABS is a computerized system that keeps your wheels from locking up during hard brake applications.
41 / 50
A. 32
B. 23
C. 50
The air brake lag distance at 55 mph on dry pavement adds about 32 feet.
42 / 50
A. 125 psi.
B. 150 psi.
C. 75 psi.
Pumping by the air compressor should start at about 100 psi and stop at about 125 psi.
43 / 50
A. Air pressure applied to the brakes.
B. The speed of the air compressor.
C. When air is pumped into the air tanks.
The governor controls when the air compressor will pump air into the air storage tanks. When air tank pressure rises to the "cut-out" level around 125 psi, the governor stops the compressor from pumping air. When the tank pressure falls to the "cut-in" pressure around 100 psi, the governor allows the compressor to start pumping again.
44 / 50
A. Fluid pressure
B. Spring pressure
C. Air pressure
All trucks, truck tractors, and buses must be equipped with emergency brakes and parking brakes. They must be held on by mechanical force because air pressure can eventually leak away. Spring brakes are usually used to meet these needs.
45 / 50
A. All of the above are true.
B. Usually, one system operates the front axle and the other one operates the rear axle.
C. One system is called the "primary" system and the other one is called the "secondary" system.
D. It uses a single set of brake controls.
Most heavy-duty vehicles use dual air brake systems for safety. A dual air brake system has two separate air brake systems, which use a single set of brake controls. One system or primary system typically operates the regular brakes on the rear axle or axles. The other or secondary system operates the regular brakes on the front axle and possibly one rear axle.
46 / 50
A. None
B. All weather conditions
C. Wet or icy conditions only
D. Good weather only
Front wheel brakes have been shown to be ideal under all weather and driving conditions. Front wheel braking is unlikely to cause a skid even on icy roads.
47 / 50
A. springs.
B. bolts and braces.
C. air pressure.
Parking or emergency brakes must be held on by mechanical force because air pressure can eventually leak away. Spring brakes are usually used to meet these needs. When driving, powerful springs are held back by air pressure.
48 / 50
A. After every four hours of service.
B. After every working day.
C. Once a week.
If your vehicle does not have automatic air tank drains, drain your air tanks at the end of each working day to remove moisture and oil. Otherwise, the brakes could fail.
49 / 50
A. It may cause problems with other mechanical systems and possibly pose a huge fire risk.
B. You will still have normal brake function and will just need to get the ABS repaired soon.
C. It will slow your truck to a halt and force you to pull over.
D. You will have no brake function and your truck will be out of control.
Without ABS you still have normal brake functions. Drive and brake as you always have.
50 / 50
A. brake firmly while slowly moving forward.
B. stop the vehicle, put it in low gear, depress the brake pedal, and then gently pull against the brakes.
C. brake firmly while slowly moving backward.
Pull forward at 5 mph, apply the service brake and stop. Check to see that the vehicle does not pull to either side and that it stops when brake is applied.
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